Maeion



(No Model.)

M. H. KERNER.

STYLOGRAPHIG FOUNTAIN PEN.

N0. 307,469. Patented Nov.

WlTNEssEs ihviTnn @TnTss MARION H. KERNER,

STYLOGRAPHIC OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

FOUNTAINHPEN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 307,469, dated November4, 18184.

Application filed May 13, 1884. (No model.)

To all whom it 77mg/ concern,.-

Be it known that I, MARION H. KERNEma citizen of the United States,residing at New York, in the county and State of New York, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Stylographic-Fountain-Pens, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invention relates to stylographic pens, consisting of a barrel andpoint-section, comprising the ink-reservoir, an air-tube for conveyingair from the exterior of the pen thereto, and a needle adapted tovibrate in writing for facilitating the outflow of ink through thewritingpoint of the pen. In pens of this class the air is admitted fromthe airtube directly to the ink, through which the air rises to fill thespace above it formed by the outflow of ink in writing. Vhen, however,the gradual consumption of the ink causes the volume thereof to fallbelow the point where the air enters the ink-reservoir, a large andabnormal quantity of air is at once conveyed directly to the space abovethe ink, owing to the air in such case not being obliged to pass throughthe ink, and the weight and pressure of this abnormal' quantity of' airupon the ink causes the same to iiow out of the writing-point withincreased rapidity, and much faster than is "required for writing, thusproducing the objection known as bleeding7 of' the pen.

Oneof the objects of my invention is to` obviate this objection as faras possible; and to this end the' invention consists in forming a plugfitting in the lower end of the air-tube to constitute the aperture ororifice through which the air is admitted to the ink-reservoir, by whicharrangement the air may be admitted to the ink-reservoir from theairtube at the extreme lower end of the latter, and, owing to this lowerposition of the orifice, the amount of ink within the pen below saidoriiice, and capable of rapidly flowing out of the pen by the directinflux of' air above it, as above stated, will be correspondingly less.

The invention further consists in a specific formation of said plug, asdescribed herein* aftere The invention further consists in an air tubeof improved construction, as hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal sectional viewof astylographic pen embodying my improvements, and Fig. 2 is atransverse section thereof on the line x x of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is atransverse section on the same line, showing a modiiied form ofairorifice.

Referring to Fig. l, A is the barrel of the pen. B is the point-section,which is centrally perforated with the duct b, for conveying the ink tothe writing-point. a is the airtube, and it extends down to the inlet ofthe duct Z1, as shown, and for the needle. This tube mainly consists ofa stiff portion, a, preferably formed of hard rubber, and a portion, a,of iiexible material, (preferably soft rubber.) joined at one endl tothe upper end of the portion a. The portion a is joined at its oppositeend to a short section of" hard-rubber tubing', a. This tubing passestightly through a washer, w, which is fitted tightly within the barrelA. The upper end of' the tube a opens into an air-chamber, O, formedwithin the cap c, into which chamber the air is admitted from theexterior of the pen through the inlet-orifice c. The needle d extendsthrough the duct b, and normally projects slightly beyond thewriting-point, and is attached to the tube a by means of a metallicplug, c. The needle is attached at its upper end to this plug,preferably by being inserted and rigidly secured within a centralperforation in the same. The plug c is rigidly secured within the lowerend of the tube c, preferably bybeing ttedtightly therein. The air-tubec is adapted, by virtue of the flexible portion c, to laterally bend orflex, and thus affords means for the requisite longitudinal vibration ofthe needle, which Vibration is communicated from said needle to theentire air-tube, owing to its rigid connection therewith, and causes theink to be agitated and its downward movement facilitated. This generalaction of the air-tube is also set forth in my former Letters Patent, No. 280,630, granted to me July 3, 1883, on which this present air-tubeis an improvement.

also acts as a support The orifice through which tile air is admittedfrom the air-tube a to the ink within the pen is preferably formed by alongitudinal groove or channel, e', in the side of the plug e, so thatwhen the plug is inserted within the end of the air-tube the said groovewill constitute an orifice or aperture in the extreme lowervend of saidtube, and opening out of" the same at the side of' the needle and plug,as shown in Figs. l and 2. Another manner in which this orifice may beformed is shown in Fig. 3, and consists in they side of' the plug ebeing flattenedinstead of grooved. It will'be seen that as theneedle-support lmay be made to extend down tothe inlet of the duct b,said orice may be formed at said inlet, as shown, and as theink-containing capacity of' said duct is very small, and the ink will beobliged to descend to its inlet before the air will be admitted directlyabove the ink, the bleeding of the pen will be in a great measureprevented, since but a very small amount of ink lcan in'such case iiowfrom the pen without' complete exhaustion ofthe supply therein. It willalso be seen that as the orifice through which the airis conveyed fromthe air-tube to the ink-reservoir opens out of the end of thev tube,litsposition is rendered parallel or coincident with the line of motionof the ink in writing, and therefore ink which may have entered theair-tube may be withdrawn therefrom by the capillary attraction of theink in contact with the portions of said tube and plug e adjacent to theorifice in its downward movement. By reason of the air-tube a beingconstructed of stift` or rigid. and non-flexit ble portions, the lateralbending or flexure of' the tube always occurs at one point-t. e'., thejunction of the two portions-and the motion of the tube andconsequentagitation of' the ink are thus rendered uniform, and by saidpor tions of the tube being arranged with the stiff portion below theflexible portion, as shown. inthe drawings, this point of bending may beformed near the upper end of the ink-reservoir, and the thoroughagitation of' the ink within the reservoir thus be assured, since thetube will be obliged to laterally yield and vibrate throughout itsentire length.

It will-be seen upon reference to Fig. l of' the vdrawings that themilled bead, flange, or knurl encircling the cap C, for enabling a rmhold to be obtained upon-the cap for Iscrewing it upon or unscrewing itfrom the barrel A,

is formed double-that is, two beads or knurls extend around-the capclose to each other, and that between these knurls, or partly in eachof' them, the air-inlet orifice c is formed. This arrangement I havedevised for the purpose of concealing to a considerable extent theorifice c when viewed from the exterior Y of the pen, which end isattained by the mouth of the orifice opening out of the pen being, underthe above-described arrangement,.re cessed between the knurls. By thispartial concealment of the orifice c', .the regular appearance of' thepen is enhanced.

Vhat I claim hereinas my invention is- 1. In a stylographic pen, thecombination, with the air-tube, of the plug e, rigidly secured in theend of the same, and constructed to form au orifice opening into theink-reservoir, substantially as set forth. A

2. In a stylographic pen, the combination, with the air-tube, of theplug e, rigidly secured in the end of the same, and formed with thegroove e in its side, substantially as set forth. y

3. ln a stylographic pen, an air-tube having the needle attached to it,and constructed in longitudinal sections of stiff and flexible material,substantially as shown and described.

4. In a stylographic pen, the -air-tube a, having the needle attached toit, and cornprising the stiff lower portion, a/, and the iexible'portion a, connected at its upper end to the section ct, and joined atits lower end to the portion a', substantially as set forth.

5. The hereinbef'ore-described air-tube, con- 'sistino of the lowerortion, a constructed oi' o p a hard rubber or equivalent stiffmaterial, the soft-rubber or flexible upper portion, ct, joined to saidportion a, the tubing a, joined to the upper endvof said portion a, incombination with the washer w, by whichthe tube is supported,substantially as' herein shown and described.

6. The cap C, having a double encircling bead or knurl, and theair-orifice c, formed between or partly in each of the two knurls,forming the double knurl, substantially as shown and described.

Signed by me this 12th day of May, A. D.

v MARION H. KERNER. Vitnesses:

MILLER C. EARL,

WHAR'roNA WAGsTArr CRAIG.

IOO

